Carriage bolts possess a unique design with a squared shank that stabilizes within the hole, preventing rotation and providing a secure fastening. These bolts comprise a cylindrical head with a square or hexagonal recess, intended to be driven by a wrench or socket. DIN 603 carriage bolts conform with the stringent standards set by the German Insti

In the realm of structural engineering and construction, bolt assemblies play a essential role in ensuring the integrity and safety of various structures. Grasping the intricacies of non-pre-load bolt assemblies is paramount for achieving reliable connections. Two primary standards that govern these assemblies are BS EN 15048 – 1 and 28.8 & 10.9.